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\begin{document}
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\begin{center}
{\Large\bf 1988 $@G/$NFnH>5e@.AX7w$NGH?t#1$N?6I}A}I}5!9=(B} 
\vspace{2mm}\\
$@5m4]??;J(B($@>BDE9b@l(B)
\footnote{1996$@G/(B5$@7n$+$i(B1997$@G/(B3$@7n$^$G(B UCLA $@:_308&5f0w(B}
$@!"(BCarlos R. Mechoso (UCLA)
\vspace{1mm}
\end{center}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\small
\smidashi{$@$O$8$a$K(B}

%$@FnH>5e@.AX7w$N6K12$O=U@h$^$GHf3SE*0BDj$K0];}$5$l$k$,!"%W%i%M%?%j!<GH$NA}I}$K$H$b$J$C$FBg$-$/OD$`$3$H$,$"$j!"%*%>%sJ,I[$K$bBg$-$J1F6A$rM?$($F$$$k!#(B 

Hirota et. al.(1990)$@$O!"(B1988$@G/$N(B8$@!A(B9$@7n$N@.AX7w$G$N(B
$@GH?t#1$N=`<~4|E*$JA}I}$HGH?t#1$HEl?J$9$kGH?t#2$N7PEYJ}8~$NAjBPE*$J0LAj0LCV$H$KHs(B
$@>o$KL@NF$J4X78$,$"$k$3$H$r8+=P$7$?!#(BUshimaru and Tanaka (1992)
($@0J9_(BUT92)$@$O!"0lDj?6I}$NGH?t#1$NDdBZGH$HGH?t#2$NEl?JGH$rM?$($k$3$H$G!"(B
$@4QB,$5$l$kA}I}$HN`;w$7$?GH?t#1$N=`<~4|E*$J?6I}JQF0$r:F8=$G$-(B
$@$k$3$H$r<($7!"$=$3$G$N?6I}JQF0$N%a%+%K%:%`$r5DO@$7$?!#(B

$@K\8&5f$G$O!"(BNCEP reanalysis $@$N%G!<%?$rMQ$$$F!"(B1988$@G/(B8$@7n!A(B9$@7n$NGH?t#1!"(B
$@GH?t#2$*$h$S4pK\>l$NJQF0$r2r@O$7$=$NA}I}$NFCD'$rD4$Y!"?tCM%b%G%k<B83$rJ;MQ$7$F!"(B8$@7n=*$j$+$i(B9$@7n;O$a$NGH?t#1$NA}I}%a%+%K%:%`$K$D$$$F>\$7(B
$@$/8!F$$7$?!#(B
%
\midashi{$@GH?t#1$NA}I};~$NEAGE>u67(B}

8$@7n$+$i(B9$@7n$K$+$1$FGH?t#1$O!"(B10hPa, 60\degS $@$N%T!<%/$G8+$k$H!"(B
8/2$@!"(B8/15$@!"(B9/1$@!"(B9/11$@!"(B9/25 $@$N7W#52s$N82Cx$JA}I}$,8+$i$l$k!#(B
$@$3$l$i$NA}I}%$%Y%s%H$r$=$l$>$l!"(BA2$@!"(BA15$@!"(BS1$@!"(BS11$@!"(BS25 $@$H8F$V!#(B
%$@$3$N$H$-$N(B $@GH?t(B 1 $@$*$h$SGH?t(B 2 $@$NEAGE$r%Q%?!<%s$r?^#1$K<($9!#(B 
%$@$3$l$i$NFCD'$O!"(B
%\begin{description}
%\item[A2]  $@GH?t#19b0^EY(B(65$@EYIU6a(B)$@$+$iDc0^EY@.AX7w$X$NEAGE!#GH?t#2$N?6I}>.!#(B
%\item[A15]  $@GH?t#1!"GH?t#2$H$bCf0^EY(B(55$@EYIU6a(B)$@$+$i1tD>$KEAGE!#(B
%\item[S1]   $@GH?t#1$OCf0^EY(B(50$@EYIU6a(B)$@$N9b0^EY$X$NEAGE!#GH?t#2$O9b0^EY(B(65$@EYIU6a(B)$@$+$i$d$dDc0^EY8~$-$KEAGE!#(B
%\item[S11] $@@.(B S1 $@$KN`;w!#$?$@$7!"@.AX7wCfAX$G$NGH?t#2$N?6I}$O(B S1 $@$HHf$Y$k$H>.$5$$!#(B
%\item[S25]  $@GH?t#1$NA}I}$OCf0^EY(B(55$@EYIU6a(B)$@$+$i$[$\1tD>$KEAGE!#GH?t#2$N82Cx$J1tD>EAHB$O8+$i$l$J$$!#(B
%\end{description}
%
%$@$G$"$k!#(B
%$@?^#1$K$_$kMM$K(B
$@GH?t#1$HGH?t#2$NEAGE%Q%?!<%s$O$=$l$>$l$N%$%Y%s%HKh$K0[$J$j!"(B
$@$^$?GH?t#2$N1F6A$,L@$i$+$KL5;k$G$-$k>l9g$b$"$j!"(BA2$@!"(BA15$@!"(BS1 $@$K$OGH?t#1(B
$@$HGH?t#2$NAjBP0LAj$KF1MM$JFCD'$,8+$i$l$k$b$N$N!"$3$l$i$NA}I}$,A4$FN`;w$N(B
$@%a%+%K%:%`$G5/$-$F$$$k$H$O9M$($K$/$$!#(B
%
\midashi{S1 $@$K$*$1$kGH?t#1$NA}I}5!9=(B}

$@%$%Y%s%H(B S1 $@$K$*$1$kGH?t#1$N?6I}A}I}$O!"GH?t#1$N9b0^EY$X$NEA(B
$@GE$K$h$C$FFCD'IU$1$i$l$k$,!"$3$l$O%(%s%9%H%m%U%#!<$NJQ2=$G8+$k$H!"(B
8/24-8/27 $@$NJ?6QN.$H$NAj8_:nMQ$K$h$kDc0^EY$G$NA}I}(B(Stage
1)$@$H!"(B8/27-9/1 $@$N9b0^EY$G$NA}I}(B(Stage 2)$@$K6hJ,$G$-$k!#(B
%$@9b0^EY$NA}I}$b!"$=$NA0H>$OJ?6QN.$H$NAj8_:nMQ$N9`$,4sM?$7$F$$$k!#(B

%$@0LAjB.EY%<%m$NGH?t#1$KBP$9$k6~@^N(!"(BEP Flux$@!"$=$NH/;6!"IwB.%<%m%i%$%s$r?^#1$K<($9!#(B

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Stage 1 $@$G$O(B 40\degS $@$K1h$C$F2<It@.AX7w$+$i@.AX7wCfAX$K$+$1$F(B 
$RI<0$($RI$$@$O6~@^N((B)$@$NNN0h$,B8:_$7!"(B
70\degS $@$h$j9b0^EY$N(B $RI<0$ $@$NNN0h$H9g$o$;$FCf0^EY$KF3GH4I$,7A@.$5$l$F$*$j!"GH(B
$@$O$=$l$K=>$C$F$[$\1tD>$KEAGE$7$F$$$k(B($@?^(B1a)$@!#(B

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$@$HBP1~$7$F$$$J$$!#Cf0^EY$*$h$S6K0h$N(B $RI<0$ $@$NNN0h$O=L>.$7$F$$$k(B($@?^(B1b)$@!#(B
Stage 2 $@$N8e!"@.AX7wCfAX$OGH$NEAGEJ}8~$ODc0^EY8~$-$X$KH?E>$7(B,$@$^$?(B 
65\degS $@0J2<$G$O!"2<8~$-EAGE$,8+$i$l$k(B(Stage3$@!"?^(B1c)$@!#(B

Stage 2 $@$K$*$1$kGH?t#1$N9b0^EY$G$NA}I}$O!"Cf(B($@Dc(B)$@0^EY$+$i$N(BEP flux
$@$NN.F~$K$h$C(B $@$F0z$-5/$3$5$l$F$$$k!#(B
$@$7$?$,$C$F%(%s%9%H%m%U%#!<$G$_$?GH$NA}I}$K$H$C$F$O!"(BStage 1 $@$K$1(B
$@$kCf(B($@Dc0^(B)$@EY$G$NJ?6QN.$H$NAj8_:nMQ$,=EMW$G$"$k!#(B
$@$3$N;~!"120L$NFnKL8{G[(B $dq/dy < 0$ $@$NNN0h$,Cf0^EY$KB8:_$7!"$=$l$,(B Stage 1 $@$N8e$K$[(B
$@$\2r>C$9$k$3$H$+$i!"$3$NNN0h$G$O(B over reflection $@$K$h$C$F%(%M%k%.!<$,(B
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Stage 2 $@$G$O!"GH?t#1$N?6I}$,A}I}$7!"$5$i$K>eItBPN.7w$+$iGH?t#2$,EA(B
$@GE$9$k$3$H$K$h$j!"GH?t#1(B-$@GH?t#2$NHs@~7AAj8_:nMQ$,GH?t#1$NEAGE$KBP$7$F=EMW$JLr(B
$@3d$rLr3d$r$O$?$7$F$$$k$H?dB,$5$l$k!#(B
%
\midashi{$@?tCM<B83(B}

$@%$%Y%s%H(B S1 $@$NGH?t#1$HGH?t#2$NAj8_:nMQ$NLr3d$rD4$Y$k$?$a$K!"(B UKMO
$@$G3+H/$5$l$?(B Stratospher-Mesospher Model (SMM)$@$rMQ$$$F?tCM<B83$r9T$C$?!#(B

$@$$$:$l$N<B83$G$b4QB,$GF@$i$l$?=i4|CM$H(B 100hPa $@$G$N(B geopotential $@$rM?$((B
$@$k$,!"4QB,$N>l$r$=$N$^$^M?$($?>l9g(B(CTL)$@$O$b$A$m$s!"GH?t#1$H#2$@$1$r2<C<(B
$@6-3&$GM?$($+$DJ?6QN.$r8GDj$7$?>l9g(B(W12UF)$@$G$b!"<B:]$NEAGE%Q%?!<%s$HF1(B
$@MM$JGH?t#1$N9b0^EYEAGE$,%7%_%e%l!<%H$5$l$?!#(B
$@$7$+$7!"GH?t#1$@$1$r2<It6-3&$GM?$($?>l9g(B(W1)$@$K$O!"$3$N9b0^EYEAGE$O:F8=(B
$@$5$l$J$$!#$3$N$3$H$+$i!"(B
$@GH?t#1$HGH?t#2$NAj8_:nMQ$,$3$N9b0^EY$X$NEAGE$K$H$C$FK\<AE*$G$"$k$H7kO@(B
$@$9$k$G$-$k!#(B
%$@DjNLE*$J3NG'$O$^$@9T$C$F$$$J$$$,!"(B
$@$3$N>l9g$NGH?t4V$NAj8_:nMQ$O!"0LAj4X78$+$iH=(B
$@CG$7$F!"(B $@GH?t#1$,GH?t#2$+$i%(%s%9%H%m%U%#!<$r<u$1<h$k$N$G$O$J$/!"(BUT92
$@$G<($7$?$HF1MM$K!"GH?t#2$,GH?t#1$NFnKL0LAj$rJQ2=$5$;!"(BStage 2
$@$G$N9b0^EY$X$NEAGE!"(BStage 3 $@$G$NDc0^EY$X$NEAGE$KBg$-$/4sM?$7$F(B
$@$$$k$H9M$($i$l$k!#(B
%
\midashi{$@7kO@(B}

%\begin{itemize}
%\item 
8$@7n=*$j$+$i(B9$@7n;O$aCf0^EY$KF3GH4I$,7A@.$5$l!"(B
$@F1;~$KGH?t#1$HGH?t#2$NAj8_:nMQ$K$h$jGH?t#1$NFnKL0LAj<4$rJQ2=$5$;$?$3$H$K$h(B
$@$C$F!"GH?t#1$,9b0^EY@.AX7w$X$HEAGE$7!"9b0^EY$N?6I}A}I}$,@8$8$?$H7kO@$G(B
$@$-$k!#(B
%$@$3$NA}I}$N%a%+%K%:%`$O$r(B UT92 $@$K$h$C$F<($5$l$?$b$N$HN`;w$7$?$b$N$G$"$k!#(B
%\item
%$@GH?t#1$H#2$N0LAj4X78$KF1MM$JFCD'$,8+$i$l$k>l9g$G$b!"GH?t#1$NA}I}%a%+%K%:%`$O!"%$%Y%s%HKh$K$+$J$j0[$J$C$?$b$N$G$"$k$3$H$,<(:6$5$l$?!#(B
%\end{itemize}
\end{multicols}
\vspace*{-8mm}
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\epsfile{file=fig1.eps,scale=0.95}
\caption{$@GH?t#1$N(B EP Flux(1/$\sqrt{p}$$@$N=E$_IU$1$5$l$F$$$k(B)$@!"$=$NH/;6(B($@@5$NNN0h$r1F(B)$@!"IwB.%<%m%i%$%s(B($@B@$$<B@~(B)$@!"6~@^N((B($@<B@~(B)$@!"4pK\>l$N120L$NFnKLHyJ,(B($@:Y$$<B@~(B)$@!#(B} 
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{document}








